Abstract: . . .  Note The Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme has provided about US$500,000 in recent years to analyze the development of the photovoltaic market in Kenya and to test-market equipment. References Acker, R.H., and D.M. Kammen. 1996. “The Quiet (Energy) Revolution.” Energy Policy 24 (1): 81–111. Bess, M., and M. Hankins. 1993. “Photovoltaic Power to the People: The Case of Kenya.” World Bank, Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme, Washington, D.C. Hankins, Mark. 1996. “Lighting Services for the Rural Poor: Test Marketing and Evaluation of 7 Solar Lantern Units in Rural Kenya.” World Bank, Industry and Energy Department, Washington, D.C. Hankins, Mark, F. Omondi Ochieng, and J. Scherpenzeel. 1997. “PV Electrification in Kenya: . . .
. . . 11 A case study on private provision of photovoltaic systems in Kenya Mark Hankins Message from the editors Fewer than 2 percent of Kenya’s rural households have access to electricity from the grid. Efforts by the state monopoly to improve that figure by expanding the grid have had little effect, in part because the rural population is so sparse. Some rural households have turned to . . .
. . .  selection. Still, photovoltaic prices are more competitive in Asian countries such as China and Indonesia. A final benefit of the government’s hands-off policy is that there have been no large projects or government tenders to distort the industry. In other countries (India, South Africa) large projects and unsustainable subsidies for photovoltaic equipment have undermined private sector activity, because big players move in and out of the market at will to take advantage of the handouts. In Kenya the market’s commercial base has made it more sustainable. Still, a number of policy-related hurdles remain: • Conventional rural electrification equipment and photovoltaic modules are exempt from duties and value added taxes. But batteries, charge . . .
. . . 11 A case study on private provision of photovoltaic systems in Kenya Mark Hankins Message from the editors Fewer than 2 percent of Kenya’s rural households have access to electricity from the grid. Efforts by the state monopoly to improve that figure by expanding the grid have had little effect, in part because the rural population is so sparse. Some rural households have turned to different suppliers . . .
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